{"id":1411,"date":"2024-11-25T07:24:42","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T07:24:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/?page_id=1411"},"modified":"2024-11-25T07:25:46","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T07:25:46","slug":"basic-knowledge","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/en\/basic-knowledge\/","title":{"rendered":"Basic Knowledge"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.wp-show-posts-columns#wpsp-1408 {margin-left: -2em; }.wp-show-posts-columns#wpsp-1408 .wp-show-posts-inner {margin: 0 0 2em 2em; }<\/style><section id=\"wpsp-1408\" class=\" wp-show-posts\" style=\"\"><article class=\" wp-show-posts-single wpsp-clearfix post-1727 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-all-eng category-doc-eng category-general-eng en-US\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" itemscope><div class=\"wp-show-posts-inner\" style=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/en\/doc-004\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Express \"can do\" using verbs<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-summary\" itemprop=\"text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The form to express &#8220;can do&#8221; with a verb has the following rules depending on the type of conjugation. For information on conjugation, see Verb. Verbs that belong to Conjugation-aiueo (five-step conjugation) Below are the conjugations for &#8220;\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3059 (speak)&#8221;. The grey background is not taken into account. Conjugation FormConjugation EndingConjugationPronunciationEnglish\u672a\u7136\u5f62(\u307f\u305c\u3093\u3051\u3044)(imperfective form)\uff5e\u306a\u3044\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3055\u306a\u3044ha na sa na inot speak\uff5e\u3046 or \uff5e\u3088\u3046\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u305d\u3046ha na so ulet&#8217;s speak\u9023\u7528\u5f62(\u308c\u3093\u3088\u3046\u3051\u3044)(conjunctive form)\uff5e\u307e\u3059\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3057\u307e\u3059ha na shi ma suspeak (polite)\uff5e\u305f\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3057\u305fha na shi taspoke\u7d42\u6b62\u5f62(\u3057\u3085\u3046\u3057\u3051\u3044)(dictionary form)\u7d42\u6b62\u5f62(\u3057\u3085\u3046\u3057\u3051\u3044)(dictionary form)\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3059ha na suspeak\u9023\u4f53\u5f62(\u308c\u3093\u305f\u3044\u3051\u3044)(attributive&nbsp;form)\uff5e\u3068\u304dor\uff5e\u308b\u3068\u304d\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3059\u3068\u304dha na su to kiwhen speak\u4eee\u5b9a\u5f62(\u304b\u3066\u3044\u3051\u3044)(conditional form)\uff5e\u3070or\uff5e\u308c\u3070\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u305b\u3070ha na se baif speak\u547d\u4ee4\u5f62(\u3081\u3044\u308c\u3044\u3051\u3044)(imperative form)\u547d\u4ee4\u5f62(\u3081\u3044\u308c\u3044\u3051\u3044)(imperative form)\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u305bha na sespeak (command) Regarding &#8220;\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3059 (speak)&#8221; the conjugations of the expression &#8220;can do&#8221;&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-summary -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- wp-show-posts-inner --><div class=\"wpsp-clear\"><\/div><\/article><article class=\" wp-show-posts-single wpsp-clearfix post-1585 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-all-eng category-doc-eng category-general-eng en-US\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" itemscope><div class=\"wp-show-posts-inner\" style=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/en\/doc-003\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Verb<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-summary\" itemprop=\"text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Let me explain about Japanese verbs. Characteristics of verbs The main characteristics of verbs are shown below. The definitive form ends with the &#8220;u&#8221; row. This is the dictionary form. Some examples are shown below. Below that, the &#8220;u&#8221; row in Hiragana is shown. For a basic explanation of Hiragana and Katakana, please see Hiragana and Katakana. VerbEnglishPronunciation\u898b(\u307f)\u308bseemi ru\u805e(\u304d)\u304fhearki ku\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3059speakha na su\u7b11(\u308f\u3089)\u3046laughwa ra u aiueo\u3042(a)\u3044(i)\u3046(u)\u3048(e)\u304a(o)k\u304b(ka)\u304d(ki)\u304f(ku)\u3051(ke)\u3053(ko)s\u3055(sa)\u3057(si(shi))\u3059(su)\u305b(se)\u305d(so)t\u305f(ta)\u3061(ti(chi))\u3064(tu(tsu))\u3066(te)\u3068(to)n\u306a(na)\u306b(ni)\u306c(nu)\u306d(ne)\u306e(no)h\u306f(ha)\u3072(hi)\u3075(hu)\u3078(he)\u307b(ho)m\u307e(ma)\u307f(mi)\u3080(mu)\u3081(me)\u3082(mo)y\u3084(ya)\u3086(yu)\u3088(yo)r\u3089(ra)\u308a(ri)\u308b(ru)\u308c(re)\u308d(ro)w\u308f(wa)\u3092(wo)n\u3093(n) Verbs in the &#8220;~ta&#8221; form refer to events that occurred in the past or that have led to the present. Below are some examples: \u52d5\u8a5e(\u3069\u3046\u3057)\u82f1\u8a9e(\u3048\u3044\u3054)\u767a\u97f3(\u306f\u3064\u304a\u3093)\u898b(\u307f)\u305fsawmi ta\u805e(\u304d)\u3044\u305fheardki i ta\u8a71(\u306f\u306a)\u3057\u305fspokeha na shi ta\u7b11(\u308f\u3089)\u3063\u305flaughedwa ra tta There are&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-summary -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- wp-show-posts-inner --><div class=\"wpsp-clear\"><\/div><\/article><article class=\" wp-show-posts-single wpsp-clearfix post-1257 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-all-eng category-doc-eng category-general-eng en-US\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" itemscope><div class=\"wp-show-posts-inner\" style=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/en\/doc-002\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Basic composition<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-summary\" itemprop=\"text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The parts of speech in Japanese are nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adnominal adjective, pillow words, adverbs, auxiliary verbs, particles, conjunctions, prefixes, suffixes, and interjections. There are so many different types that it takes time to fully understand them, but I will give you some examples and explain them bit by bit. \u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u6c34\u307f\u305a\u3092\u98f2\u306e\u3080\u3002 &#8211; Watashi wa mizu o nomu. I drink water. [ENG] Classify this sentence according to parts of speech. \u308f\u305f\u3057 &#8211; noun \u306f &#8211; particle \u6c34 &#8211; noun \u3092 &#8211; particle \u98f2\u3080 &#8211; verb In Japanese, there is a part of speech called a particle. For example, there are&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-summary -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- wp-show-posts-inner --><div class=\"wpsp-clear\"><\/div><\/article><article class=\" wp-show-posts-single wpsp-clearfix post-1381 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-all-eng category-doc-eng category-general-eng en-US\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" itemscope><div class=\"wp-show-posts-inner\" style=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<header class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/en\/doc-001\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Hiragana and Katakana<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-show-posts-entry-summary\" itemprop=\"text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The characters that make up the Japanese language are hiragana, katakana, and kanji. If kanji didn&#8217;t exist, all Japanese sentences could be written using only hiragana. In other words, hiragana is the basic character of the Japanese language. Japanese pronunciation is said to be simple. All hiragana and katakana can be expressed as [a, i, u, e, o] and combinations of [a, i, u, e, o] and [k, s, t, n, h, m, y, r, w, n]. It is a simple structure. Below is a table of hiragana. For example, &#8220;\u3061&#8221; is written as (ti(chi)) in the table. This means&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-summary -->\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- wp-show-posts-inner --><div class=\"wpsp-clear\"><\/div><\/article><\/section><!-- .wp-show-posts -->\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The characters that make up the Japanese language are hiragana, katakana, and kanji. If kanji didn&#8217;t exist, all Japanese sentences could be written using only hiragana. In other words, hiragana is the basic character of the Japanese language. Japanese pronunciation is said to be simple. All hiragana and katakana can be expressed as [a, i, u, e, o] and combinations of [a, i, u, e, o] and [k, s, t, n, h, m, y, r, w, n]. It is a simple structure. Below is a table of hiragana. For example, &#8220;\u3061&#8221; is written as (ti(chi)) in the table. This means &#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_locale":"en_US","_original_post":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/?page_id=1409","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1411","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","en-US"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1411"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1411\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1418,"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1411\/revisions\/1418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nihongo-no-benkyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}